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Case Problem Analysis: Cyber Crime Ali Butler developed several software programs that generated cyberattacks. His programs were used to disrupt services of major companies like Google and Skype. He created programs that retrieved usernames and passwords, bank information, and other data. He also set up a "deep web" business - where internet search engines could not find it - to sell his programs to other potential hackers. He used a legitimate business to account for profits from his illegal business so that time government could not trace the money to the illegal activity. Did Butler commit a crime, and does he have any defense? Identifying the Facts and Issues The elements that must exist for a person to be convicted of a crime include actus reus and select answer If convicted, one of Butler's acts was using software to access other people's information Butler's mental state was select answer . In this case, Butler's computer held many usernames and passwords of third parties and information on his income from the company selling the hacking software. This admission likely would help establish mens rea Assume Butler engaged in this activity because he owed several thousand dollars in credit card debt. In his criminal case, he may try to argue duress. This select answer be a valid defense because select answer An indictment would be used in federal district court in Butler's case to select answer To convict Butler of a crime, the judge needs to believe select answer that Butler committed the elements of the crime without a valid defense. Based on these facts, Butler likely select answer be convicted of a crime. Assume that Butler was hired as a computer technician to develop a particular type of software, unaware that it would be used to steal people's information. As part of his job, he developed many different software applications that harvested public information from the internet and this new software was not different enough to give Butler reason to believe it would be used to harvest private information. Would the result be different? The act of developing the software, without reasonable knowledge of the criminal activities, is wrongful act. Under these facts, Butler had knowledge of the plankto steal information and a had a wrongful mental state. Given Butler's act and mental state under these facts, Butler likely did commit a crime. Case Problem Analysis: Cyber Crime Ali Butler developed several software programs that generated cyberattacks. His programs were used to disrupt services of major companies like Google and Skype. He created programs that retrieved usernames and passwords, bank information, and other data. He also set up a "deep web" business - where internet search engines could not find it - to sell his programs to other potential hackers. He used a legitimate business to account for profits from his illegal business so that time government could not trace the money to the illegal activity. Did Butler commit a crime, and does he have any defense? Identifying the Facts and Issues The elements that must exist for a person to be convicted of a crime include actus reus and select answer If convicted, one of Butler's acts was using software to access other people's information Butler's mental state was select answer . In this case, Butler's computer held many usernames and passwords of third parties and information on his income from the company selling the hacking software. This admission likely would help establish mens rea Assume Butler engaged in this activity because he owed several thousand dollars in credit card debt. In his criminal case, he may try to argue duress. This select answer be a valid defense because select answer An indictment would be used in federal district court in Butler's case to select answer To convict Butler of a crime, the judge needs to believe select answer that Butler committed the elements of the crime without a valid defense. Based on these facts, Butler likely select answer be convicted of a crime. Assume that Butler was hired as a computer technician to develop a particular type of software, unaware that it would be used to steal people's information. As part of his job, he developed many different software applications that harvested public information from the internet and this new software was not different enough to give Butler reason to believe it would be used to harvest private information. Would the result be different? The act of developing the software, without reasonable knowledge of the criminal activities, is wrongful act. Under these facts, Butler had knowledge of the plankto steal information and a had a wrongful mental state. Given Butler's act and mental state under these facts, Butler likely did commit a crime

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