business law , solve in irac method please

issue , rule , application , conculsion

urgent please

CACH Alan is the owner of a building in the city, which has a one-bedroom apartment and a shop vacant. Within the space of a day, two people approach Alan to rent the units. Beatrice approaches Alan to lease the one-bedroom apartment, and enters into a written and signed contract with Alan, under which Alan agrees to lease the apartment for a five-year term in return for Beatrice paying $3,000 per month. The lease also stipulates that Beatrice will pay the parking fees and monthly utilities associated with the apartment, and that Beatrice can terminate the contract with six months' notice. Charles also approaches Alan to lease the shop, intending to open a produce-related business. Charles explains to Alan that he has a farm in the countryside, where he plants organic fruits and vegetables. He intends to transport them to the shop and sell them there at a premium, as many people in the area are known to be health-conscious. Charles enters into a written and signed contract with Alan, under which Alan agrees to lease the shop for a five-year term in retum for Charles paying $5,000 per month. The lease describes the shop's location, price, and lease term, stating the purpose of the lease as "the sale of goods". Two years later, and due to the impact of COVID, Alan finds himself in a dire financial situation. He tries to ensure that no tenants leave his building, so as to have as stable a stream of revenue as possible. Alan knows that the vacancy rates in the city have increased due to the increase in unemployment following COVID, and worries that Beatrice might decide to look elsewhere in the city for a cheaper apartment. He goes to Beatrice and offers to take responsibility for the utilities fees for the remainder of the lease, and Beatrice agrees. They sign an amendment to the lease indicating that, for the remaining three years, Alan will pay the utilities fees. Alan also goes to meet Charles, who has not been opening his shop for the past month, despite paying the rent. When Alan inquires about the reason, Charles tells Alan that his farm burned down completely a month ago, and that an expert indicated that the damage to the farm will result in sub-optimal organic produce for the next 8 years, if any can actually be produced. Charles informs Alan that, as a result of that, he has decided to close the shop and tend to his farm. He also tells Alan that his obligations under the lease are terminated, and that he will be ceasing to pay rent from today. Alan argues that the fire has no effect on Charles obligation to pay rent, as he is legally bound by the contract, which has no clause relating to early termination. A week later, Alan faces an electricity problem in his building, and verbally agrees with Daniel, an electrician, to resolve the problem in return for $800. Alan tells Daniel that he is leaving the city for a week-long trip and is unreachable, and that he will pay for Daniel's services once he is back. Daniel looks for the source of the electricity problem for two days, but, despite his best efforts, cannot find it. Daniel decides to look for a more experienced electrician, and enters into a written and signed contract with Edison, the oldest and most renowned electrician in the city, to find and resolve the problem in return for $650. When Edison finds the source of the electricity problem, he notices that there is also a water leak next to the main electric box. Edison realizes the extent of danger this causes, and tries, unsuccessfully, to inform Alan of the need to fix both problems immediately. Edison decides to fix both problems to prevent harm to the tenants. When Alan comes back, Daniel informs him that he had to hire Edison to fix the electricity problem, and that Edison fixed a water leak as well, Daniel asks for a payment of $800 for the electricity and Edison asks for a payment of $600 for the water leak. Alan refuses to pay anything, arguing that Daniel had no right to hire another electrician to fix the problem without his permission, and that he never agreed to have the water leak problem fixed. Alan also argues that it is well known that the average market price for fixing a water leak is only $400. Alan realizes that, with COVID's increasing economic strain, he needs to reduce expenses as much as possible, as well as recover all the money he is owed. Discuss whether Alan can legally refuse to pay the amounts owed to (I) Beatrice (1) Daniel, and (iii) Edison, as well as whether (iv) Charles can legally terminate his contract the way he did. CACH Alan is the owner of a building in the city, which has a one-bedroom apartment and a shop vacant. Within the space of a day, two people approach Alan to rent the units. Beatrice approaches Alan to lease the one-bedroom apartment, and enters into a written and signed contract with Alan, under which Alan agrees to lease the apartment for a five-year term in return for Beatrice paying $3,000 per month. The lease also stipulates that Beatrice will pay the parking fees and monthly utilities associated with the apartment, and that Beatrice can terminate the contract with six months' notice. Charles also approaches Alan to lease the shop, intending to open a produce-related business. Charles explains to Alan that he has a farm in the countryside, where he plants organic fruits and vegetables. He intends to transport them to the shop and sell them there at a premium, as many people in the area are known to be health-conscious. Charles enters into a written and signed contract with Alan, under which Alan agrees to lease the shop for a five-year term in retum for Charles paying $5,000 per month. The lease describes the shop's location, price, and lease term, stating the purpose of the lease as "the sale of goods". Two years later, and due to the impact of COVID, Alan finds himself in a dire financial situation. He tries to ensure that no tenants leave his building, so as to have as stable a stream of revenue as possible. Alan knows that the vacancy rates in the city have increased due to the increase in unemployment following COVID, and worries that Beatrice might decide to look elsewhere in the city for a cheaper apartment. He goes to Beatrice and offers to take responsibility for the utilities fees for the remainder of the lease, and Beatrice agrees. They sign an amendment to the lease indicating that, for the remaining three years, Alan will pay the utilities fees. Alan also goes to meet Charles, who has not been opening his shop for the past month, despite paying the rent. When Alan inquires about the reason, Charles tells Alan that his farm burned down completely a month ago, and that an expert indicated that the damage to the farm will result in sub-optimal organic produce for the next 8 years, if any can actually be produced. Charles informs Alan that, as a result of that, he has decided to close the shop and tend to his farm. He also tells Alan that his obligations under the lease are terminated, and that he will be ceasing to pay rent from today. Alan argues that the fire has no effect on Charles obligation to pay rent, as he is legally bound by the contract, which has no clause relating to early termination. A week later, Alan faces an electricity problem in his building, and verbally agrees with Daniel, an electrician, to resolve the problem in return for $800. Alan tells Daniel that he is leaving the city for a week-long trip and is unreachable, and that he will pay for Daniel's services once he is back. Daniel looks for the source of the electricity problem for two days, but, despite his best efforts, cannot find it. Daniel decides to look for a more experienced electrician, and enters into a written and signed contract with Edison, the oldest and most renowned electrician in the city, to find and resolve the problem in return for $650. When Edison finds the source of the electricity problem, he notices that there is also a water leak next to the main electric box. Edison realizes the extent of danger this causes, and tries, unsuccessfully, to inform Alan of the need to fix both problems immediately. Edison decides to fix both problems to prevent harm to the tenants. When Alan comes back, Daniel informs him that he had to hire Edison to fix the electricity problem, and that Edison fixed a water leak as well, Daniel asks for a payment of $800 for the electricity and Edison asks for a payment of $600 for the water leak. Alan refuses to pay anything, arguing that Daniel had no right to hire another electrician to fix the problem without his permission, and that he never agreed to have the water leak problem fixed. Alan also argues that it is well known that the average market price for fixing a water leak is only $400. Alan realizes that, with COVID's increasing economic strain, he needs to reduce expenses as much as possible, as well as recover all the money he is owed. Discuss whether Alan can legally refuse to pay the amounts owed to (I) Beatrice (1) Daniel, and (iii) Edison, as well as whether (iv) Charles can legally terminate his contract the way he did