Although it is generally assumed that routine exercise willimprove overall health, there is some question about how muchexercise is necessary to produce the benefits. To address thisquestion, a researcher obtained 20 pairs of participants, matchedon age, gender, and weight. All participants exercised regularlybut one participant within each pair exercised less than two hoursper week, and the other spent more than five hours per weekexercising. Each participant was subsequently evaluated by aphysician and given an overall rating of their health. Theresearcher runs the statistics using SPSS and obtains the outputbelow:
T-Test
PAIRED SAMPLE STATISTICS
| mean | N | STD. Deviation | Std. error Mean |
| pair two_hrs | 13.40 | 20 | 2.563 | .573 |
| 1 five_hrs | 14.45 | 20 | 2.235 | .500 |
Paired Samples Test
| Paired Differences | Paired Differences | Paired Differences | PairedDifferences 95% confidence interval of the differences | | | | ... |
| Mean | Std. Deviation | Std Error mean | Lower Upper | t | df | Sig.(2-tailed) | |
| Pair 1 two_hrs-five_hrs | -1.050 | 2.038 | .456 | -2.004 -.096 | -2.304 | 19 | .033 | |
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1) using the hypothesis, what is the null hypothesis and thealternative hypothesis? and should it be rejected, why or whynot?
2) what is the dependent and independent variable?
3) Is this a between-subjects orwithin-subjects design?
4) What is the effect size? Please explain your answer.
