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After obtaining your degree in business you will invariably find yourself, as a consultants, being asked to introduce in different parts of the world some of the concepts that you havelearned at the IsenbergSchool of Management. Most of the concepts are based on behaviors or policies that were considered desirable or effective in the US. Consider the following:

1. A strong feature of many management courses emphasizes US-style assertiveness. But what are the implications in a very traditional masculine country of woman manager acting assertively in her interactions with male colleagues?
2. In regard to participative styles of leadership, is it equally feasible in all societies that an employee who does not fully understand how to do the job might ask for help from their line manager?
3. If the employee in (b) did pluck up courage to ask for help, would line managers in all societies be equally able to admit not knowing the answer to questions without 'losing face?'
4. In developing mentoring skills would it be realistic in all cultures to expect a manager to work closely with a junior colleague from a different cultural group?
5. Can performance appraisals (e.g., the 360 approach) be used as a professional development tool in a national climate, which is largely bureaucratic, top down, and punitive.
6. Do motivation theories, e.g., Maslow's hierarchy of needs, apply the same way outside the US . Is the hierarchical order the same in collectivist countries as it is in individualistic countries like the US?
7. Agency theory claims that as agents, managers tend to act in their own self-interests and can thus not be trusted to do their jobs, which is to maximize profits for the shareholders (Friedman, 1970). Does agency theory apply in collectivist cultures, e.g., countries in the Middle East, far East, and the global South, where concerns for broader societal well-being are a stronger organizational force?

Assignment:

Pick any three (3) theories,whether any of the above or otherscovered in the course. Use the research found in scholarly works as stated in the next paragraph to discuss these theories. First describe thetheoriesto show your familiarity with them. Then discusstheir utility(or usefulness)to the practice of management. Then discuss them in terms of their general applicability around the world- in other words whether management theories developed in some cultures (e.g., North America/Western Europe) can be applied in other parts of the world with differentcultures (e.g., Africa/South and East Asia/Middle East) without any problem. Support your position with goodlogicand research.

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