a)Explain and Identify the earthwork activities carried out when performing, deep excavation and cuttings. The works must...

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Civil Engineering

a)Explain and Identifythe earthwork activities carried out when performing, deepexcavation and cuttings. The works must be identify the locationfor public utility given by public utility provider. You mustillustrate and explain the different type of plants used duringexcavation, supporting system and falsework required to provide insafe working environment in various sub-soils condition.
b)Describe differenttype of methods for controlling groundwater. You must describe arange of methods of groundwater control during the deep excavation,for example sump pumping, dewatering and land drainage.

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Answer a Brief description of different types of plants used for excavation are 1 Face shovel excavators It can be of cable or hydraulic operated mounted on wheel or track They are fitted with bucket which faces away from the machine They are used for loosening excavating vertical or nearvertical soil above the machine base level 2 Backhoe It is used for below ground level excavation The bucket acts downwards and drag towards the machine and tilted upwards to hold the loads They are used mainly as trench or large scale open excavation but sometimes they are also used as loading machines 3 Bulldozers It is used for grading materials to levels over relatively smaller area to cut small tree remove surface vegetation or hard surfaces etc The max cut is about 40Omm below base of the machine 4 Tractor shovel This machine is similar to a bulldozer but has a hydraulic operated bucket in place of the blade Materials above the base of vehicle can be lifted and unload onto a dump truck or onto a spoil heap 5 Clamshell excavator It is like a crane usually track mounted and hanging a wire operated clamshell at the See Answer

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