Activity on Digestive System Make a concept map that show the parts and function of the digestive...

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Medical Sciences

Activity on Digestive System
Make a concept map that show the parts and function ofthe digestive system and BRIEFLY discuss your concept map. uploadyour work here in canvas.

Give at least 3 most common diseases related toDigestive System and give the 4 aspects of disease(Etiology,Pathogenesis, Morphologic Changes, and Clinical Manifestation) toeach diseases you give.
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM:
Make a concept map that show the parts and function ofthe reproductive system and BRIEFLY discuss your concept map.upload your work here in canvas.

Give at least 5 most common diseases related to maleand female reproductive system and give the 4 aspects ofdisease(Etiology, Pathogenesis, Morphologic Changes, and ClinicalManifestation) to each diseases you give.
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GERD GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLEX DISEASE Etiology Occasional acid reflux is quite common often occurring as a result of overeating lying down after eating or eating particular foods However recurrent acid reflux diagnosed as GERD typically has other causes and risk factors and can have more serious complications Gastroesophageal reflux disease occurs in people of all ages and sometimes for unknown reasons In short GERD occurs when the sphincter at the bottom of the esophagus becomes weak or opens when it should not GERD occurs more commonly in people who are overweight or obese because of increased pressure on the abdomen pregnant due to the same increased pressure taking certain medications including some asthma medications calcium channel blockers antihistamines sedatives and antidepressants smoking and being exposed to secondhand smoke Pathogenesis Gastrooesophageal reflux disease is a condition in which the reflux of gastric contents into the oesophagus provokes symptoms or complications and impairs quality of life Typical symptoms of gastrooesophageal reflux disease are heartburn and regurgitation but gastrooesophageal reflux disease has also been related to extraoesophageal manifestations such as asthma chronic cough and laryngitis The pathogenesis of gastrooesophageal reflux disease is multifactorial involving transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations and other lower oesophageal sphincter pressure abnormalities As a result reflux of acid bile pepsin and pancreatic enzymes occurs leading to oesophageal mucosal injury Other factors contributing to the pathophysiology of gastrooesophageal reflux disease include hiatal hernia impaired oesophageal clearance delayed gastric emptying and impaired mucosal defensive factors Hiatal hernia contributes to gastrooesophageal reflux disease by promoting lower oesophageal sphincter dysfunction Impaired oesophageal clearance is responsible for prolonged acid exposure of the mucosa Delayed gastric emptying resulting in gastric distension can significantly increase the rate of transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations contributing to postprandial gastrooesophageal reflux disease The mucosal defensive factors play an important role against development of gastrooesophageal reflux disease by neutralizing the backdiffusion of hydrogen ion into the See Answer

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