a) Which of the following is/are TRUE regardingOsmolarity and Tonicity?

     a. A Hyperosmotic solution isalways Hypertonic
     b. A Isosmotic solution may be Isotonic orHypertonic but not Hypotonic
     c. A Hyposmotic solution may be Hypotonic,Isotonic or Hypertonic
     d. All of the above are true
     e. None of the above is true

b) Which of the following is NOT a second messengermolecule used in cellular signal transductionpathways?

     a. cyclic GMP
     b. Inositol triphosphate
     c. Phospholipase A2
     d. Diacylglycerol
     e. cyclic AMP

c) Which of the following is/are true regardingfacilitated diffusion? (2 points)

     a. It is an active processrequiring ATP
     b. It uses a protein carrier in the cellmembrane
     c. It utilizes a concentration gradient ofone molecule to move another molecule against its concentrationgradient
   d. All of the above are true

d) A patient comes into the hospital with very low bloodpressure. Which solution below will expand his plasma volume to thegreatest extent and remain in the plasma. Which of the followingsolutions is the best choice? (4 points)

        a. HypertonicSaline (NaCl solution)
        b. Hypertonic Albumin(protein solution)
        c. Hypotonic Dextrose(d-glucose solution)
        d. Hypotonic PotassiumChloride (KCl solution)