A paper described a survey of 501 undergraduate students at astate university in the southwestern region of the United States.Each student in the sample was classified according to classstanding (freshman, sophomore, junior, or senior) and body artcategory (body piercings only, tattoos only, both tattoos and bodypiercings, no body art).
Use the data in the accompanying table to determine if there isevidence of an association between class standing and response tothe body art question. Assume that it is reasonable to regard thesample of students as representative of the students at thisuniversity. Use
α = 0.01.
| Body
Piercings
Only | Tattoos
Only | Both Body
Piercing and
Tattoos | No
Body
Art |
|---|
| Freshman | 62 | 7 | 15 | 86 |
|---|
| Sophomore | 44 | 11 | 10 | 65 |
|---|
| Junior | 20 | 9 | 7 | 46 |
|---|
| Senior | 21 | 17 | 24 | 57 |
|---|
Calculate the test statistic. (Round your answer to two decimalplaces.)
χ2 =
What is the P-value for the test? (Round your answer tothree decimal places.)
P-value =
