A mouse model for multiple sclerosis is induced by immunizingmice with murine central nervous system proteins mixed withComplete Freund’s adjuvant. This adjuvant contains components thatstimulate both TLR2 and TLR4. The adjuvant is essential to thedevelopment of autoimmunity because:
a. It activates dendritic cells to up-regulate co-stimulatorymolecules.
b. It prevents the differentiation of CD4 TH2effector cells.
c. It induces copious amounts of type I interferons.
d. It prevents the production of TGF-b by astrocytes in thecentral nervous system.
e. It promotes tissue damage that mimics a central nervoussystem viral infection.
