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a) Mississippi River Shipyards is considering the replacement of an 8-year-old riveting machine with a new one that will increase earnings before depreciation from $24,000 to $50,000 per year. The new machine will cost $82,500, and it will have an estimated life of 8 years and no salvage value. The new machine will be depreciated over its 5-year MACRS recovery period; so the applicable depreciation rates are 20%, 32%, 19%, 12%, 11%, and 6%. The applicable corporate tax rate is 40%, and the firm's WACC is 14%. The old machine has been fully depreciated and has no salvage value.

What is the NPV of the project? Round your answer to the nearest cent.

b) You must evaluate a proposed spectrometer for the R&D department. The base price is $290,000, and it would cost another $58,000 to modify the equipment for special use by the firm. The equipment falls into the MACRS 3-year class and would be sold after 3 years for $130,500. The applicable depreciation rates are 33%, 45%, 15%, and 7%. The equipment would require an $14,000 increase in net operating working capital (spare parts inventory). The project would have no effect on revenues, but it should save the firm $43,000 per year in before-tax labor costs. The firm's marginal federal-plus-state tax rate is 40%.

What is the project's annual cash flow in Year 3? Round your answers to the nearest cent.

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