A dolphin trainer wants to test the effect of food motivation onthe ability for captive dolphins to learn tricks.  Shestudies a sample of dolphins from Sea World and randomly assignsindividuals to one of three food motivation conditions: low,moderate or high.  The level of food motivationcorresponds to the type of food given to the dolphins duringtraining: a low-preference food, a moderately-preferred food, or ahighly-preferred food.  Dolphins are trained to jumpthrough hoops in their pool and are rewarded with one of the threetypes of food.  The trainer then measures the number ofhoops successfully jumped the day after the training session.
The data for the three food motivation conditions are below.
Low | Moderate | High |
14 | 2 | 9 |
8 | 6 | 7 |
8 | 3 | 10 |
10 | 2 | 5 |
9 | 5 | 5 |
5 | 6 | 6 |
9 | 7 | 7 |
11 | 6 | 7 |
13 | 3 | 7 |
6 | 7 | 8 |
Complete the following calculations BY HAND:
a. State the null and alternative hypotheses and identify thecritical value of F.
b.  Calculate SS Total, SS Between, and SSWithin.  Also calculate df Total, df Between and dfWithin.
c.  Calculate MS Between and MSWithin.  Calculate the observed F-ratio, and create anANOVA source table for the analysis. Â
d.  What is your decision regarding the nullhypothesis?  State the results of the main ANOVA innonstatistical terms.
e.  Calculate the Tukey critical value for theanalysis.  Which food motivation conditions significantlydiffer from one another?
f. Write a very short paragraph (2 - 3 sentences) summarizingyour ANOVA and Tukey results in APA format
