8) (1 point) Melanism in Moths. Melanism is theprocess by which animals produce melanin to darken body tissues andproduce color variation. Researchers at Oxford University suspectedincreased levels of pollution in London may be influencing theevolution of Lepidoptera, a species of moth native to the area thattook on one of two distinct camouflage schemes: \"light\" and \"dark.\"They surveyed a sample of dark and light moths on birch trees andlabelled each \"conspicuous\" if it was visible from 30 yards away or\"inconspicuous\" if it was not. The table below shows the number ofmoths of each color that were conspicuous and inconspicuous. Usethis data to investigate the researchers' theory that increasedlevels of pollution might provide an advantage to \"dark\" moths over\"light\" ones.

	Conspicuous	Inconspicuous	Total
Dark	7	332	339
Light	129	16	145
Total	136	348	484

Conduct a test for the stated null and alternative hypotheses.Use αα = and round numeric answers to four decimal places.

H0H0: The variables use of color anddetectability are independent.

HAHA: The variables use of color anddetectability are not independent.

1. Calculate the test statistic for this hypothesistest.  ? z t X^2 F  =

2. Calculate the degrees of freedom for this hypothesistest.

3. Report the p-value for this hypothesis test out to fourdecimal places.

p-value =

4. Based on the p-value, we have:
A. strong evidence
B. extremely strong evidence
C. little evidence
D. some evidence
E. very strong evidence
F. Reject H0H0
that the null model is not a good fit for our observed data.