7A. Calculations of the primordial material that would form a \"quark soup\" a few hours after...

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Physics

7A. Calculations of the primordial material that would form a\"quark soup\" a few hours after the Big Bang show that the earlyuniverse consisted almost entirely of hydrogen(¹₁H = 76 weight %) and helium(⁴₂He = 24 weight %). The present-day atomicratio of H/He is estimated as 12.5/1. Assuming the present universeconsists ONLY of H and He, calculate the present-day wt. % of H andHe.
B. Does the present-day wt. % of H and He agree with the BigBang theory?
C. What physical mechanism(s) explain(s) why the present-day wt.% of H and He does/does not agree with the Big Bang theory?

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Solution A Given that The presentday atomic ratio of HHe is estimated as 1251 Weight of He is 4 times that of H Thus wt ratio of HHe is 1254 Hence the presentday wt of H 125165 100 7575 the presentday wt of He 4165 100 2424 B According to Big Bang theory and using powerful telescopes scientists have made extensive spectroscopic surveys of distant stars and galaxies The data indicates that hydrogen and helium make up nearly all of the nuclear matter in the universe The most abundant element hydrogen accounts for 74 of the mass while helium contributes 25 Heavier elements comprise less than 1 of the total Hencethe presentday wt of H and He does agree with the Big Bang theory C Prior to Big Bang Nucleosynthesis B B N Two key nucleon reactions before B B N commences are a neutron See Answer

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