5. The cost of retained earnings Aa Aa True or False: It is free for a company to raise money through retained earnings, because retained earnings represent money that is left over after dividends are paid out to shareholders. True False The cost of equity using the CAPM approach The current risk-free rate of return (TRF) is 4.67%, while the market risk premium is 5.75%, the D'Amico Company has a beta of 0.92. Using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) approach, D'Amico's cost of equity is The cost of equity using the bond yield plus risk premium approaclh The Hoover Company is closely held and, therefore, cannot generate reliable inputs with which to use the CAPM method for estimating a company's cost of internal equity. Hoover's bonds yield 11.52%, and the firm's analysts estimate that the firm's risk premium on its stock over its bonds is 4.95%. Based on the bond-yield-plus-risk-premium approach, Hoover's cost of internal equity is: 18.12% 19.76% 20.59% 16.47% The cost of equity using the discounted cashflow (or dividend growth) approach Johnson Enterprises's stock is currently selling for $45.56 per share, and the firm expects its per-share dividend to be $2.35 in one year. Analysts project the firm's growth rate to be constant at 5.72%. Using the cost of equity using the discounted cashflow (or dividend growth) approach, what is Johnson's cost of internal equity? 10.88% 10.34% 11.42% 13.60% Estimating growth rates It is often difficult to estimate the expected future dividend growth rate for use in estimating the cost of existing equity using the DCF or DG approach. In general, there are three available methods to generate such an estimate Carry forward a historical realized growth rate, and apply it to the future .Locate and apply an expected future growth rate prepared and published by security analysts . Use the retention growth model Suppose Johnson is currently distributing 60.00 of its earnings in the form of cash dividends. It has also historically generated an average return on equity (ROE) of 14.00. Johnson's estimated growth rate is 6. Solving for the WACC Aa Aa The WACC is used as the discount rate to evaluate various capital budgeting projects. However, it is important to realize that the WACC is an appropriate discount rate only for a project of average risk Analyze the cost of capital situations of the following company cases, and answer the specific questions that finance professionals need to address Consider the case of Turnbull Co Turnbull Co. has a target capital structure of 58% debt, 6% preferred stock, and 36% common equity. It has a before-tax cost of debt of 8.2%, and its cost of preferred stock is 9.3% if its current tax rate is 40%, how much higher will Turnbull's weighted average cost of capital (WACC) be if it has to raise additional common equity capital by issuing new common stock instead of raising the funds through retained earnings? If Turnbull can raise all of its equity capital from retained earnings, its cost of common equity will be 12.4% However, if it is necessary to raise new common equity, it will carry a cost of 14.2% 0.86% 0.64% 0.70% 0.77% Turnbull Co. is considering a project that requires an initial investment of $570,000. The firm will raise the $570,000 in capital by issuing $230,000 of debt at a before-tax cost of 8.7%, $20,000 of preferred stock at a cost of 9.9%, and $320,000 of equity at a cost of 13.2%. The firm faces a tax rate of 40%. what will be the WACC for this project? Consider the case of Kuhn Co Kuhn Co. is considering a new project that will require an initial investment of $20 million. It has a target capital structure of 35% debt, 2% preferred stock, and 63% common equity. Kuhn has noncallable bonds outstanding that mature in 15 years with a face value of $1,000, an annual coupon rate of 11%, and a market price of $1,555.38. The yield on the company's current bonds is a good approximation of the yield on any new bonds that it issues. The company can sell shares of preferred stock that pay an annual dividend of $8 at a price of $92.25 per share Kuhn does not have any retained earnings available to finance this project, so the firm will have to issue new common stock to help fund it. Its common stock is currently selling for $33.35 per share, and it is expected to pay a dividend of $1.36 at the end of next year. Flotation costs will represent 3% of the funds raised by issuing new common stock. The company is projected to grow at a constant rate of 8.7%, and they face a tax rate of 40% Determine what Kuhn Company's WACC will be for this project