4.  John is a 16-year-old who loves to play soccer.His 18-year-old brother, Andre, passed out while playing basketballand has now been diagnosed with long QT syndrome (LQT1). Thecardiologist involved suggests that all Andre’s siblings shouldhave a cardiac examination, including an electrocardiogram (ECG),before they play sports. John’s ECG shows a borderline QTprolongation during activity, so the cardiologist recommendsgenetic testing. John tests positive for the same mutation in thegene KCNQ1 (LQT1) that Andre has, and he is told that he must stopplaying soccer. He is counseled to take up a less intense sport,like golf. John is clearly upset and wants to know why this ishappening to him. He feels just fine and does not understand why hecannot play his favorite sport.
A.  What is the connection between sports restrictionsand Long QT syndrome
B.  How can understanding the genetics help to predictwho might be affected by Long QT syndrome if someone in the familyis already affected.
C.  How and in what terms will you explain to John whythese modifications in exercise are necessary
