3. Explain the fundamental parts of the HeNe laser in details.

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Physics

3. Explain the fundamental parts of the HeNe laser indetails.

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Heliumneon laser constructionThe heliumneon laser consists of three essentialcomponentsPump source high voltage power supplyGain medium laser glass tube or discharge glass tubeResonating cavity1High voltagepower supply orpump sourceIn order to produce the laser beam it is essential toachievepopulation inversion Population inversion is the process ofachieving more electrons in the higher energy state as compared tothe lower energy stateIn general the lower energy state has more electrons than thehigher energy state However after achieving population inversionmore electrons will remain in the higher energy state than thelower energy stateIn order to achieve population inversion we need to supplyenergy to the gain medium or active medium Different types ofenergy sources are used to supply energy to the gain mediumIn ruby lasers and NdYAG lasers the light energy sources suchas flashtubes or laser diodes are used as the pump source Howeverin heliumneon lasers light energy is not used as the pump sourceIn heliumneon lasers a high voltage DC power supply is used asthe pump source A high voltage DC See Answer

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