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24)
The Eyes Have It

Duyen presents herself to
her campus health clinic at
a liberal arts college in Ore-
gon with a two-week history
of nausea, low-grade fever,
fatigue, and mild pain in her
right upper abdominal quad-
rant. As a resident assistant
in her dorm, she is aware that
students with similar signs
and symptoms have been di-agnosed with flu for the past
month. She greets the health
care staff with a sheepish grin
and tells them her self-diag-
nosis. The doctor takes one
look at Duyen’s eyes and skin,
and realizes that this is not
another case of influenza.

1. What is the name of the condition that alarms
the doctor?
2. What disease does Duyen have?
3. How might Duyen have been infected?
4. Which DNA virus causes this disease?

25)
Norovirus in the Dorm

Zac, Tran, Roy, and Justin
were not happy roommates;
in fact, things could not be
much worse for the college
friends. Each of the men
had stomach cramps, fever,
chills, muscle aches, extreme
tiredness, nausea, and, most
distressing, horrible diarrhea
and persistent vomiting. They
had been fighting over the
toilet, and whoever wasn’t in
the bathroom often had his
head in a trashcan. None of
the four had left their suite
for two days, being unable to
venture more than a dozen
feet. The friends had never
experienced such an attack of gastroenteritis. Norovirus had
arrived in the dorm.
Norovirus gastroenteritis
afflicts people living in close
quarters: prisoners, nursing home
residents, vacationers on cruise
ships, and students in college
dormitories. People spread the hardy virus on contaminatedhands
and fomites due to poor personal hygiene. Noroviruses areoften
transmitted in contaminated water and can spread inundercooked
contaminated food.
The four roommates recovered as their bodies eliminated
viruses from their digestive tracts. They also learned the valueof
handwashing, disinfecting bathrooms, and keeping the dormroom
disinfected.

1. Why is vigorously rubbing the hands with hot waterand
soap for at least 30 seconds necessary to limit the spread
of noroviruses?
2. Alcohol disrupts lipids. Why isn’t hand antisepticeffective
against noroviruses?
3. How can noroviruses spread via laundromats?
Emerging Disease Case Study
Norovirus in the Dorm