24 How do viruses contributed to the recycling of nutrients in marine environments a They infect organisms leading to cell lysis the intracellular material is released and is now available for other organisms to use b Viruses are autotrophic and therefore can fix carbon dioxide and release sugars that other organisms can use c Viruses are heterotrophic and release carbon dioxide that can be used by photosynthetic algae d Viruses are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen and can convert it to a form that can be used by marine plants 25 Bacteriophage T4 attaches to the Ompc porin protein on the cell surface of E coli What would be the likely effect if this protein was no longer made by E coli a E coli would become more susceptible to infection by the virus because it would bypass the protein and be able to diffuse directly through the cell membrane b E coli would become more susceptible to infection by the virus because the virus could lyse the cell more easily c E coli would become resistant to infection by the virus because the virus could no longer attach to the host d There would be no change in the susceptibility of E coli to the virus 26 Group IV viruses such as SARS CoV 2 are ssRNA viruses What enzyme does this type of virus require in order to synthesize mRNA which it needs to make viral proteins a DNA dependent DNA polymerase b DNA dependent RNA polymerase 27 A reverse transcriptase uses a an a DNA DNA b RNA DNA c RNA dependent DNA polymerase d RNA dependent RNA polymerase template to synthesize c RNA RNA d DNA RNA 28 Which of the following viruses WOULD require entry into a cell s nucleus as part of the infection process a A virus such as rotavirus double stranded RNA b A virus such as SARS CoV 2 strand RNA c A virus such as Ebola strand RNA d A retrovirus such as HIV strand RNA