22 Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the E coli phosphotransferase system PTS a The transmembrane protein complex through which the substrate moves into the cell is specific to the substrate being transported b The substrate is phosphorylated after it is moved across the cell membrane making it different from the external substrate thus ensuring the substrate always travels down its concentration gradient c The system is an example of an antiporter d The PTS system can be used to transport several different types of sugar 23 Which of the following statements regarding phospholipids of the bacterial cell membrane would be FALSE a They consist of a glycerol ether linked to three fatty acid chains b In a membrane bilayer the fatty acid tails face one another in the interior of the membrane resulting in a hydrophobic interior c The two layers of the bilayer are called leaflets d The head group attached to the phosphoryl group can include charged molecules 24 You are studying life forms in extreme environments and you have discovered a microorganism that contains cardiolipin hopanoids and ester linkages in the membrane It also has arabinans galactans and phenolic glycolipids in the cell wall This microorganism is most likely related to a Archaea b Gram positive bacterial c Gram negative bacteria d Mycobacteria 25 Bacillus subtilis can use glucose as both a carbon and energy source This would be an example of a chemoautotrophy b photoautotrophy oth c chemoheterotrophy d photoheterotrophy 26 A photosynthetic organism that uses light energy to extract electrons from H O would be considered a an a Photoheterotroph b Oxygenic phototroph c Anoxygenic phototrophing d Chemoorganotroph 27 During chemotaxis what determines if an organism is randomly tumbling about or running toward the chemical attractant a The direction of rotation of the flagella b The direction of rotation of the pili c The orientation of the organism in relation to the Earth s magnetic field d The presence or absence of a flagellum When the flagellum is absent the organism tumbles when it is present it runs