22. List some of the ecological roles of fungi. What are mycorrhizae? Differentiate between endomycorrhizae and ectomycorrhizae. Define...

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Biology

22. List some of the ecological roles of fungi.
What are mycorrhizae? Differentiate between endomycorrhizae andectomycorrhizae.
Define lichen. What are the three types?
Describe at least 2 fungal parasite or pathogen of plants.
Describe at least three fungal pathogens of humans.
Provide examples of how fungi directly benefits humans.

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a Endo mycorrhizae and Ectomycorrhizae Mycorrhizae virtually interpret to fungusrootMycorrhizae a fungus that grows during association with the roots of a plant in a symbiotic or gently pathogenic relationship In several plants mycorrhiza is fungi that grow within the plants roots or on the surfaces of the roots The plant and also the plant have a mutualist relationship wherever the fungus facilitates water and nutrient uptake within the plant and also the plant provides food and nutrients created by photosynthesis to the fungus This exchange may be vital to consider nutrient cycles and also the ecology evolution and physiology of plants There are 2 sorts of mycorrhizae ectomycorrhizae and endo mycorrhizae Ectomycorrhiza Ectomycorrhiza tends to create mutual symbiotic relationships with woody plants together with birch beech willow pine oak spruce and fir Ectomycorrhizal relationships are characterized by an intercellular surface referred to as the Hartig net The Hartig net consists of extremely branched hyphae connecting the epidermic and cortical root cells in addition ectomycorrhiza is known by the formation of a dense hyphal sheath close to the roots surface this can be referred to as the mantle In alternative words ectomycorrhiza lives solely on the surface of the root Overall solely 510 of terrestrial plant species have ectomycorrhiza Endomycorrhiza On the opposite hand endomycorrhizal are found in over eightieth of extant plant species including crops and greenhouse plants like most vegetables grasses flowers and fruit trees Endomycorrhizal relationships See Answer

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