2. What Physiological mechanisms by which plasma levels of the following are controlled: a. plasma pH...

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Medical Sciences

2. What Physiological mechanisms by which plasma levels of thefollowing are controlled: a. plasma pH levels b. plasma tonicity c.plasma glucose levels.

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Plasma plasma pH levels Homeostatic homeostatic control of Plasma pH level ranges from 738 to 742 is an essential requirement for life This is achieved through three line of Defence Physicochemical buffering Rapid respiratory changes in pco2 Slow renal changes in in H excretion and hco3 reabsorption and production Disturbances in acid is balance are described according to the cause of a primary change in either pco2 respiratory acidosis and respiratory alkalosis for Plasma hco3 concentrationmetabolic acidosis and metabolic alkalosis Buffering and respiratory changes minimises change in pH Full compensation is affected to renal changes in reabsorption of filtered hco3 and secretion of h leading to generation of hco3 to replete buffer Store Factors influencing hco3 reabsorptionprimarily proximal tubule Include amount filtered extracellular fluid volume and arterial pco2 Generation of hco3 along the nephron is influenced by availability and PK of urinary buffer fora example acid phosphate and creatinine renal tubular fluid PH and formation of ammonium salt for example Ammonium Sulphate Clinical conditions in which metabolic and respiratory changes in acid base status occur are considered as are the compensatory mechanism which limit changes in pH Full correction of these disturbances requires See Answer

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