2) True or False (If statement is false, correct it so that itis true) a) Polymers make up an exciting class of biomaterials.Polyethylene is a wonderful example of a simple ceramic that can beused in multiple applications by modifying its chemical structure.It tends to be bioactive when used by itself as an implant, but itbecomes even more bioactive when 10 vol% Calcium Carbonate is addedto it. Teflon can be used as a vascular graft material due to itslow coefficient of friction. This is achieved because C atoms arereplaced by F atoms in its structure. Collagen is the premierepolymer that is produced in our bodies. There are about 15 types ofcollagen and this polysaccharide is very important in bone matrixformation and tissues and organs. b) A vacancy is a point defectthat occurs when an atom is missing from a lattice position. Aperfect metal crystal would exhibit ductile behavior. Amorphouscrystals have long range order which can be measured by x-raydiffraction. X-ray crystal structure determination and theiridescent colors in nacre, butterfly wings, and beetleexoskeletons are caused by similar phenomena that involves thetransmission of visible light. Metals tend to be harder thanpolymers, ceramics tend to be stronger than polymers, and metalstend to be harder than ceramics. Diamond is a unique material thatexhibits metallic bonding. One of its more unusual features is thatalthough it has a very high electrical conductivity, it is a poorconductor of heat. c) H bonding is a very important bond type inbiological materials such as water and DNA. H bonding isresponsible for the anomalous freezing behavior of water in whichits density increases when it transforms from liquid to solid. Italso plays a role in explaining why Geckos are able to cling to andrun across atomically smooth surfaces. d) The microstructure of ametal sample that has been cooled from a melt would contain verylarge crystal grains on the interior and very small crystal grainson the exterior surface. This would be caused by differences in theheating rate where the exterior cools more slowly than theinterior. e) The (100) plane physically intersects the Y and Z axesand it is perpendicular to the (010) plane and parallel to the(020) plane.