1 what is partial pressure Explain its role in gas exchange 2 Descr...

1-what is partial pressure? Explain itâ€™s role in gas exchange? 2- Describe the factors affecting gas...

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Biology

1-what is partial pressure? Explain itâ€™s role in gas exchange?
2- Describe the factors affecting gas exchange. Apply thesefactors to the efficiency of a tracheal system, gills, lungs inmammals, lungs in birds?

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Q1 Partial pressure is the pressure exerted by an individual gas in a mixture of gases Gas exchange is the movement of oxygen into the blood and movement of carbon dioxide out of the blood Oxygen and carbon dioxide move across the respiratory membraneby the help of alveolis and pulmonary capillariesGas exchange takes place in the lungs between alveoli and blood plasma and throughout the body and between plasma and interstitial fluids Q 2 There are certain factors which help in diffusion of O2 and CO2 in these sites they are i Partial pressures and solubilitiesPoor solubility can be offset by a high partial pressure or vice versaThe partial pressure of O 2 in the lungs is high air is 21percent O 2 but it has poor solubility propertiesbut in case of CO2 it is just the opposite the partial pressure of CO2 in air is extremely low air is only 004 percent CO2 but its solubility in plasma is more about 24 times than that of O2 ii Partial pressure gradients A gradient is the change in some quantity from one region to another According to Henrys Law the greater the partial pressure of a gas the greater is the diffusion of the gas into the liquid Diffusion of a gas into a liquid or the reverse takes place down a partial pressure gradientthat is from a region of higher partial pressure to a region of lower partial pressure For example the strong partial pressure gradient for O2 pO 2 from alveoli to deoxygenated blood 105 mm Hg in alveoli versus 40 mm Hg in blood helps in rapid diffusion Surface area for gas exchange The larger expanding surface area of the lungs helps in extensive diffusion See Answer

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