1)List the B-cell developmental stages from pre-pro to immature B cells describing B-cell receptor (BCR or...

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Biology

1)List the B-cell developmental stages from pre-pro toimmature B cells describing B-cell receptor (BCR or Ig)rearrangements occurring and/or key events occurring at eachstage.
2)What is the role of Artemis in V(D)J recombination andwhy is it important?
3)During B-cell activation some activatedB-cells undergo differentiation into antibody secreting plasmacells outside of the germinal center and therefore never go throughthe germinal center responses. Other activated B-cells will returnto the follicle forming a germinal center and undergo processesthat alter the antibody that will beproduced.Â Â Describe the germinal centerresponses. Why are these responses important (hint: what isdifferent about the antibody produced)? Why are T cells importantin germinal center responses?

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1B cells are mainly associated with humoral immunity and it got its name from the site of maturation In humans the maturation of B cells occurs at bone marrow Development of B cells occur through various stages starting from bone marrow which then progresses in peripheral lymphoid organs like lymph node and spleenThe development stages include Lymphoid stem cell ProB cell PreB cell Immature B cell Mature B cell which then differentiate either into plasma cell and Memory cell At the pro B cell stage the lymphoid cell donot express immunoglobulin but it express a heterodimer Ig alpha or If beta which later forms a part of the b cell receptor or BCR In the pre b cell stage they See Answer

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