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1B 2A EXS 453 Motor Learning and Control Activity 1: Labeling Skills using Gentile's Taxonomy Gentile's two-dimensional taxonomy is a way to categorize skills. Gentile's taxonomy is also a valuable tool in selecting a progression of functionally appropriate activities or developmentally appropriate activities to develop any motor or sport skill. The athletic trainer, coach, physical therapist, exercise specialist, or teacher can develop functional appropriate activities using Gentile's taxonomy. Gentile's Taxonomy Action Requirement Body Stability Body Transport No Object Object No Object Object Manipulation Manipulation Manipulation Manipulation No Inter sttionary trial 1A 1C 1D Regulatory Variability Conditions Inter-trial 2B 2C 2D Environmental Variability Demands No Inter- In-motion trial Regulatory Variability Conditions Inter-trial 4C Variability Each skill categorization begins with examining the action and environmental requirements of the skill. For the action component, the body can either be stable (not moving) or in motion (transport). The skill may or may not involve object manipulation (using some object like a ball or tennis racquet). The environment can be either stable or in-motion. Within each of these conditions there may be variability between successive performances. Thus, skills are categorized along a continuum with 1A being the easiest category of skill (body and environment are both stable, there is no object manipulation, and the environment and skill required are the same every time the skill is performed) and 4D the most complex (body is moving and manipulating an object, there is motion in the environment and the situation/skill is variable) We need to be able to classify a skill into its appropriate category. The decision chart below allows us to ask a series of questions which leads to the correct column and row designation for a particular skill, Let's use a basketball lay-up without a defender as an example. Basketball Lay-Up (no defender) Question 1: Does skill require the performer to move (body transport)? Yes (Column Cor D) Question 2: Does the skill require the performer to manipulate an object? Yes (Column D) Question 3: Does the skill change from performance to performance? Yes (Row 2 or 4) Question 4: Does the environment in which the action takes place move are people or objects moving? No (Row 2) So, the analysis is Column D and Row 2, or 2D. 3B 3C 3D 4A 4B 40 MAMMA Part 1 Identify the category associated with Gentile's Taxonomy for each of the skills listed below. The classification of action includes the number and letter (e.g. 16,2a) that corresponds to the box (e.g., 1b, 2a, etc). Classification Activity Hitting off a batting tee from the same height for every trial. The hitter moves in all different directions while swing the bat same way each. Hitting off a batting tee. But for every attempt the height of the ball on the tee is raised or lowered. Hitter is stationary, stands in same location for every attempt but strikes the ball with bat. Hitting off a pitching machine where the ball comes to the same location and with the same speed. The hitter stands in the same area of batting box and strikes the ball with a bat Hitting off a batting tee from the same height for every trial. The hitter is stationary and does not strike the ball. Nor hold a bat in his/her hand, Hitting off a pitching machine where the ball location and speed is changed every trial but the hitter stands at the same location in the batter box while hitting the ball. Hitting a thrown ball involving different types of throws, different speeds and different locations where the hitter runs in the batter's box while swinging (slap hitting). Hitting a thrown ball where the hitter stands in the batter's box at the same location every time involving a pitcher who is pitches the same pitch every time but the hitter attempts to hit the ball with the bat. 1B 2A EXS 453 Motor Learning and Control Activity 1: Labeling Skills using Gentile's Taxonomy Gentile's two-dimensional taxonomy is a way to categorize skills. Gentile's taxonomy is also a valuable tool in selecting a progression of functionally appropriate activities or developmentally appropriate activities to develop any motor or sport skill. The athletic trainer, coach, physical therapist, exercise specialist, or teacher can develop functional appropriate activities using Gentile's taxonomy. Gentile's Taxonomy Action Requirement Body Stability Body Transport No Object Object No Object Object Manipulation Manipulation Manipulation Manipulation No Inter sttionary trial 1A 1C 1D Regulatory Variability Conditions Inter-trial 2B 2C 2D Environmental Variability Demands No Inter- In-motion trial Regulatory Variability Conditions Inter-trial 4C Variability Each skill categorization begins with examining the action and environmental requirements of the skill. For the action component, the body can either be stable (not moving) or in motion (transport). The skill may or may not involve object manipulation (using some object like a ball or tennis racquet). The environment can be either stable or in-motion. Within each of these conditions there may be variability between successive performances. Thus, skills are categorized along a continuum with 1A being the easiest category of skill (body and environment are both stable, there is no object manipulation, and the environment and skill required are the same every time the skill is performed) and 4D the most complex (body is moving and manipulating an object, there is motion in the environment and the situation/skill is variable) We need to be able to classify a skill into its appropriate category. The decision chart below allows us to ask a series of questions which leads to the correct column and row designation for a particular skill, Let's use a basketball lay-up without a defender as an example. Basketball Lay-Up (no defender) Question 1: Does skill require the performer to move (body transport)? Yes (Column Cor D) Question 2: Does the skill require the performer to manipulate an object? Yes (Column D) Question 3: Does the skill change from performance to performance? Yes (Row 2 or 4) Question 4: Does the environment in which the action takes place move are people or objects moving? No (Row 2) So, the analysis is Column D and Row 2, or 2D. 3B 3C 3D 4A 4B 40 MAMMA Part 1 Identify the category associated with Gentile's Taxonomy for each of the skills listed below. The classification of action includes the number and letter (e.g. 16,2a) that corresponds to the box (e.g., 1b, 2a, etc). Classification Activity Hitting off a batting tee from the same height for every trial. The hitter moves in all different directions while swing the bat same way each. Hitting off a batting tee. But for every attempt the height of the ball on the tee is raised or lowered. Hitter is stationary, stands in same location for every attempt but strikes the ball with bat. Hitting off a pitching machine where the ball comes to the same location and with the same speed. The hitter stands in the same area of batting box and strikes the ball with a bat Hitting off a batting tee from the same height for every trial. The hitter is stationary and does not strike the ball. Nor hold a bat in his/her hand, Hitting off a pitching machine where the ball location and speed is changed every trial but the hitter stands at the same location in the batter box while hitting the ball. Hitting a thrown ball involving different types of throws, different speeds and different locations where the hitter runs in the batter's box while swinging (slap hitting). Hitting a thrown ball where the hitter stands in the batter's box at the same location every time involving a pitcher who is pitches the same pitch every time but the hitter attempts to hit the ball with the bat

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