1.      Achalasia is associated withwhich of the following at rest and during swallowing?

1. Higher than normal pressure atthe lower esophageal sphincter
2. Lower than normal pressure atthe lower esophageal sphincter
3. Higher than normal pressure atthe upper esophageal sphincter
4. Lower than normal pressure atthe upper esophageal sphincter

2. The citric acid cycle begins andends with which of the following substances?

A.    Acetylcoenzyme A

B.     Citricacid

C.     Isocitric acid

D.    Oxaloaceticacid

3.

Which of the following best describesthe amount of ATP produced from one mole of glucose by theglycolytic process (in moles)?

A.    0

B.     1

C.     2

D.    38

5.

Which of the following best describesthe process by which stored glycogen is converted to glucose?

A.    Citric acidcycle

B.     Gluconeogenesis

C.     Glycogenesis

D.    Glycogenolysis

6.

Vitamin K is

a. synthesized by intestinal bacteria

b. destroyed by intestinal bacteria

c. phosphorylated by intesinal bacteria

d. none of the above

7.

The pyloric sphincter is located between the

a. small intestines and large intesines

b. stomach and duodenum

c. stomach and jejunum

d. none of the above

8.

The esophagus contains

a. smooth muscle

b. skeletal muscle

c. both smooth muscle and skeletal muscle

d. none of the above

9.

Which of the following enzymes plays acritical role in capturing glucose intracellularly?

A.    Citratesynthase

B.     Fumarase

C.     Glucokinase

D.    Glucosephosphatase