17.    You bring asample of flies from a natural population into the laboratory andbegin selecting for high body weight by using the heaviest 20% ofthe population as parents each generation for five generations.If mean body weight remains the same in eachgeneration

         a) phenotypicvariation is due only to effects of the environment b) phenotypicvariation is due only to genetic variation among individuals c) VG> 0 d) VE = 0

18.    Given theobservations described in the previous question you would concludethat for body weight

         a) heritability iszero b) heritability is greater than zero but less than 1 c)heritability is 1 d) heritability is greater than 1

19.    Theheritability of body weight in cows a) can bemeasured on a single individual b) is the proportion of VG which isdue to VE  c) is the proportion of VP which is due toVG   d) is the proportion of VE transmitted to offspringe) all of the above.

    

20.    When we say thatthe heritability of a trait in a particular population is zero a)the trait is not affected by genes b) the trait is not affected bythe environment c) all individuals are genetically identical forgenes affecting the trait d) individuals differ in genotype for thegenes affecting the trait.

21.    In theHardy-Weinberg equilibrium formula (p2 + 2pq + q2), p²and q² are

         a) genotypefrequencies b) fitnesses c) allele frequencies d) numbers ofindividuals.

22.    Thereproductive fitness of an individual isdetermined mainly by

         a) strength b)life span c) number of offspring d) owning a BMW

23.    In a populationwith 980 AA, 840 Aa, and 180 aa individuals the genotype frequencyof Aa individuals is a) 0.49 b) 0.98 c) 0.42 d) 0.81 e) 0.18

24.    The frequency ofthe A allele in the population above is a) 0.49 b) 0.5 c) 0.6 d)0.7.