12.25 Mendel formulated the law of independent assortment as hissecond law of inheritance. It involves two genes independentlysegregated during reproduction, each independently determining oneaspect of the phenotype. In one experiment, Mendel crossed peaplants producing yellow, round seeds with pea plants producinggreen, wrinkled seeds. The first generation resulted in only plantsproducing yellow, round seeds. Self-crossing of the F1 yielded thefollowing phenotypes in F2: Assuming two independent genes, eachwith a dominant and a recessive alleles, we would expect to find a9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio.
a) Are the conditions for a chi-square goodness of fit testsatisfied?
b) What are the null and alternative hypotheses for thistest?
c) What are the expected counts under the null hypothesis?Phenotype Y Round Y wrinkled G Round G Wrinkled ObservedExpected
d)
The chi-square statistic for this test is χ2 = 0.47. Use Table Dto find the P-value. What can you conclude? Do the data agree withMendel’s second law of genetic inheritance?
