10.During protein degradation, a polypeptide chain isbroken down into individual amino acids. Which of the following isfalse about this process?
a.It is an exergonic reaction.
b.The products have lower disorder than the reactants.
C.The products have lower free energy than the reactants
D.It is a catabolic process.
E.It is catalyzed by enzymes.
12.You quantitatively determine that an enzyme-catalyzedreaction has a ΔG of -8 kcal/mol. If you half the amount of enzymein the reaction, what will be the ΔG of this reaction?
A.16 kcal/mol
B. -4 kcal/mol
C. 0 kcal/mol
D. 8 kcal/mol
E. -8 kcal/mol
18. Hemoglobin is a protein responsiblefor transporting oxygen in the blood of vertebrates. Carbon dioxidebinds to hemoglobin at a distinct site from where oxygen binds.However, CO2 binding causes a conformational change in hemoglobinthat decreases the protein’s binding affinity for O2. What kind ofinteraction does this describe?
A. catalyzed interaction
B. covalent binding
C. competitive interaction
D. irreversible interaction
E. allosteric interaction
19. Which of the following states therelevance of the first law of thermodynamics tobiology?
A. Photosynthetic organisms produce energy in sugars fromsunlight.
B. The total energy taken in by an organism must be greater thanthe total energy stored or released by the organism.
C. Living organisms must increase the entropy of theirsurroundings.
D. Energy is destroyed as glucose is broken down during cellularrespiration.
E. Energy can be freely transformed among different forms aslong as the total energy is conserved.
22. An artificial liposome (ie, a test-tube createdvesicle), whose membrane contains no proteins and whose interior isfilled with water is dropped into a beaker of 0.03 M sucrosesolution (Note: Sucrose is a disaccharide). Which best describeswhat will quickly happen?
A. Sucrose will diffuse into the liposome.
B. The liposome will shrink as water leaves this vesicle.
C. Since there are no membrane proteins, nothing will cross themembrane.
D. Water will diffuse into the liposome, causing it toburst.
E. Sucrose will diffuse out of the liposome.
