1. Which of the following observations is true concerning theeffect of body mass on demographics?

a. The higher the body mass, the higher the populationdensity

b. The lower the body mass, the higher the populationdensity

c. The higher the body mass, the higher the population size

d. The lower the body mass, the higher the population size

2. To determine population size in a population of immobileorganisms such as plants, or for very small and slow-movingorganisms, one could use:

a. A quadrat

b. Mark and recapture

c. Aerial surveillance

d. Their life table

e. The species distribution pattern

3. The size of a population has tremendous implications for theadaptability of future generation because of the importance of:

a. Food availability

b. Water availability

c. The ability of an individual to find a mate

d. Genetic diversity

4. The term used to describe the total number of individuals perunit area is the

a. life cycle

b. population size

c. population density

d. body mass

5. The maximum population size that a particular environment cansustain is referred to as the _________________.

6. Which of the following would be an example of an R-selectedspecies?

a. Humans

b. Mice

c. Elephants

d. Cows

7. The top portion (leveling off) of the S-curve demonstratesthe _________________.

a. R-selection

b. J-shaped curve

c. Exponential growth

d. Carrying capacity

e. Logistic growth

8. Weather, pollution, and natural disasters such as floods andfires are examples of density _______________________________regulation.

9. The model of population growth in which population growswithout any restriction on their growth is called____________________________ growth.

a. Exponential

b. Logistic

c. Density dependent

d. Density independent

10. The model of population growth in which population growthwill level off due to dwindling resource is called______________________ growth.

a. Exponential

b. Logistic

c. Density dependent

d. Density independent

11. Which type of country is more likely to have a higher birthrate and higher proportion of young people than older people?

a. A country with zero population growth

b. A developed country

c. An underdeveloped country

12. Which of the following factors did NOT directly contributeto human population growth?

a. Education

b. Vaccination

c. Antibiotic usage

d. Sanitation

13. Human population growth is following:

a. An S-shaped curve

b. A J-shaped curve

c. Logistic growth

d. Zero population growth

14. Our large intestine serves as a home for millions andmillions of bacteria, known as our normal flora. These bacterialive and thrive on our intestinal contents, especially on thecellulose which we cannot digest. In return, they suppress thelevels of harmful bacteria and produce several forms of vitamins Band K. The relationship between us and the bacteria can becharacterized as ___________________.

a. Amensalism

b. Parasitism

c. Commensalism

d. Mutualism

15. A massive forest fire devastated Yosemite National Park is2013. The new growth which appeared the following spring is anexample of __________________ ________________.

a. Keystone species

b. Foundation species

c. Climax community

d. Secondary succession

e. Primary succession

16. The otter is an example of a/an ___________________________________ in the Pacific Northwest. They feed in seaurchins, limiting their population. If the otters didn’t eat theurchins, the urchins would destroy the kelp. Kelp is giant seaweed,a major source of food and shelter for the ecosystem.

a. Foundation species

b. Keystone species

c. Climax community

d. Island biogeography

17. The number of vertebrate species in the Mojave Desert isestimated to be 380. This could be described as the__________________________ of the region.

a. Species richness

b. Relative species abundance

c. Foundation species

d. Climax community

18. When two species have population curves which increase anddecrease in repetitive cycles, one slightly in advance of theother, it may be indicative of a ______________________relationship.

a. Symbiotic

b. Parasitic

c. Commensurate

d. Predator-prey

19. Fat soluble compounds that are stored in the fat tissues oforganisms, at ever increasing concentration as it moves up the foodchain are serious threat because of______________________________.  

20. In the food chain “grass --> grasshopper--> frog--> snake --> hawk”, grass is the ______________.

a. Producer

b. Secondary consumer

c. Tertiary consumer

d. Primary consumer

21. In the food chain “grass --> grasshopper--> frog--> snake --> hawk”, frog is the ______________.

a. Producer

b. Secondary consumer

c. Tertiary consumer

d. Primary consumer

22. When the primary source of energy is dead organic mattersuch as fallen leaves, plant parts or dead animal bodies, it issaid to be a:

a. Climax community

b. Grazing food web

c. Food chain

d. Detritus food web

23. An autotroph which uses sunlight to produce its food isknown as a __________________.

24. The trophic level of the food chain which has the leastamount of energy would be the:

a. Tertiary consumer

b. Secondary consumer

c. Primary consumer

d. Producer

25. The term “trophic level” is best defined as the:

a. Water level

b. Size level

c. Energy level

d. Growth level