1. which of the following is (are) required for evolution?
a. high stable genome
b. mutation
c. competition
d. heritable traits
2. what can you conclude about genetic differences andsimilarities between humans , chimpanzees, and E. coli?
a. most conserved genes
b. fairly conserved genes
c. least conserved genes
humans accelerated genes
polymerases
ribosomal RNAs
3. which of the following is true about the human genome?
a. about half the genome codes for a protein
b. about half the genome is identical between individuals
c. about half the genome consists of introns
d. about half the genome consists of mobile elements
4. what are pseudogenes?
a. genes that are part of a mobile element
b. genes that have undergone multiple rounds of duplication
c. genes that are no longer functional but still resemblefunctional genes.
5. Urokinase and chymotrypsin ( a digestive enzymes) have onedomain in common with each other. This suggests that
a. they eveolve through exon shuffling
b. they are part of a gene family
c. they perform similar functions
6, long introns and short exons promote evolution
a. true
b. false
7. In humans the globin gene family eveolved through
a. gene duplication and mutation
b. exon shuffling
c. frameshift mutation
8. why does gene duplication promote evolution?
a. duplication genes are under less selective pressure
b. duplication genes provide additional templates for DNArepair
c. duplication genes do not promote evolution
d. duplication genes are less likely to mutate
9. which of the following point mutations would have little orno effect on cellular function?
a. mutation from AUA to AUG
b. mutation in regulatory region
c. mutation from CUC to AUU
d. mutation from UUA to UUG
e. mutation in exon
f. mutation in intron
10. scientists have estimated mutation rates by studyingmutatant E.coli that are His-. Which of the following is (are) NOTtrue about the experiment involving His- E. coli?
a. His- mutants requires histidine in the media
b.His- mutants can not tolerate histidine
c. His- mutants spontaneously revert back to His+
d. His- mutants can not digest histidine
11. The National Toxicology Program report in 2016 that cellphone radiation increased brain tumor growth in male rats.Radiation can cause damage and mutations to DNA. Suppose you wishedto study this further. You mate these rats and find that theoffsprings have normal incidence of tumors. You would conclude thatthe tumors were most likely due to.
a. changes to somatic cells
b. changes in germ cells
c. changes to gonadal cells
If on the other hand the offspring also had increase tumorgrowth then you would conclude that the
a. tumor cells were passed down to offsprings
b. changes occur in stem cells
c. changes occur in germ cells
cell phones emit................ raditation when talking than onstandby.
a. more
b. less
That would suggest that using a hands-free headset may bebeneficial in preventing brain tumors. Ironically if the phone iskept in the pocket during a call using a headset then the geneticchanges would be
a. prevented
b. more likely to pass to the next generation
c. less severe
