1- What are the concentration gradients for Na+ and K+? 2- Explain why a positive Veq...

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Biology

1- What are the concentration gradients for Na+ and K+?
2- Explain why a positive Veq for a cation means an inward drivingforce and a negative value means an outward driving force?

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1 The concentration gradient of Na and K accross the plasma membrane is intracelluar concentration of Na is high and outside is low while extracellular concentration of K is high while inside is low hence by selective movements of these ions along gradient create a difference in electric potential or voltage    See Answer
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