1. In general, Bacteria predominate in __________waters, while numbers of Archaea are about equal or show aslight predominance in __________ waters.

A) upper /lower                                             B)mid-range / upper and lower

C) upper and lower /mid-range                     D)lower / upper

2. Mycorrhizal fungi obtain their carbon from ________ and theirinorganic minerals from __________.

A) root secretions / particles produced by the photosyntheticactions of other parts of the plant

B) the soil / particles produced by the photo-synthetic actionsof other parts of the plant

C) the soil / root secretions

D) root secretions / the soil

3. The absorption of __________ by chlorophylls begins theprocess of __________.

A) ATP / photosynthetic energy conversion

B) light energy / phototrophic energy conversion

C) ATP / autotrophy

D) light quanta / autotrophy

4. Which statement(s) is/are true?

A) Some methanogens are endosymbionts of certain protozoa.

B) A competing H₂-consuming process to methanogenesisis acetogenesis.

C) Methanogenesis is carried out by a group of Archaea, themethanogens, which are strict anaerobes.

D) All of the above are true.

5. Genes encoding __________ are widely used as target genes inmolecular biodiversity studies.

A) 16SrRNA                          B)reverse transcriptase

C)ATPases                             D)DNA polymerase III

6. True or false:

T/F More dense populations of phototrophic microorganisms wouldbe found in near-shore areas than in pelagic waters.

T/F Hydrothermal vent animals are known to live off the productsof the chemolithotrophic microbial symbionts.

T/F Excretions from roots hinder, rather than promote, thedevelopment of microorganisms in the rhizosphere.