1. Given that a patient is a carrier of a genetic disease, whymust this patient always be heterozygous and can never behomozygous?

2. Color blindness in a male is inherited only from his mother,but color blindness in a female is inherited from both of herparents. Explain.

3. Describe nondisjunction and identify why it is so geneticallysignificant.

4. Identify three (3) genetic disorders caused bynondisjunction. Explain why.

5. Identify any one (1) genetic disorder not caused bynondisjunction. Explain why.

6). Given that Phenylketonuria (PKU) is inherited as a recessivetrait. What is the chance for two heterozygous parents to have aphenylalanine-sensitive child? Explain.

7). Given a mating between a non-hemophiliac male & aheterozygous female what is the probability for a hemophiliacfemale child? Explain.

8). Given a mating between an albino male & a carrierfemale, what is the probability for a child who is a carrier foralbinism? Explain.

9). Given that brown eyes are dominant, what is the probabilityfor two heterozygous parents to have a blue-eyed child?Explain.

10). If a karyotype is to be constructed for a patient, would acell in metaphase of the cell cycle be more useful than a cell ininterphase of the cell cycle? Explain why.

11). Describe the procedural differences between mitosis &meiosis and why mitosis & meiosis are geneticallyimportant.

12). Describe some reasonable theories for the differentfunctions of hair located in these diverse body regions:

- Eyebrows

- Eyelashes

- Scalp

13). How do merocrine & apocrine sweatglands differ in their structure and in their function?Explain.

14). It is important for the epidermis to be effective atscreening UV radiation, but not to be too effective.Explain.

15). Your patient asks you which cell type in the skin is themost important cell and why? How would you reply? Explain.

16). Describe the stages of intramembranousossification and name at least one (1) bone that is formedusing this process.

17). Describe the stages of endochondral ossificationand name at least one (1) bone that is formed using thisprocess.

18). What effect does the hormone calcitonin have onblood calcium levels & how does it produce this effect?Explain.

19). What effect does parathyroid hormone have on bloodcalcium levels & how does it produce this effect? Explain.

20). How is vitamin D synthesized and what effect does vitamin Dhave on blood calcium concentrations? Explain.

- Nostrils

- Axilla