#1 Assume that a new interpretation of thefrustration aggression hypothesis says that it is not all peoplewho become aggressive when frustrated, but only those who have beenbrought up in a home where physical punishment is used becomeaggressive when frustrated. To test this hypothesis, two groups ofchildren are found. One group is brought up in homes where physicalpunishment is used as a form of discipline. The other groupconsists of children whose parents chastise them verbally, orremove privileges, but do not actually hit them. The children areall placed in a situation where they are frustrated in the courseof play activity. The play situation includes a doll that thechildren have in their hands at the time of the frustrationexperience. The experimenter intends to have judges classify thechildren as either physically aggressive or not, physicallyaggressive toward the doll (at the time of frustration). Whichstatistic would be used?
| | Z-test |
| | One Sample t-test |
| | Independent groups t-test |
| | Dependent groups t-test |
| | One Factor ANOVA |
| | Two factor ANOVA |
| | t-test for r > 0 |
| | Chi-square test |
| | Phi Coefficient |
| | Cramer’s Phi |
| | Point Biserial r |
| | Eta-squared |
| | r-squared or r |
#2 A chi-square test for goodness of fit isused to examine the distribution of individuals across threecategories, and a chi-square test for independence is used toexamine the distribution of individuals in a 2×3 matrix ofcategories. Which test has the larger value for df?
| a. | ?The test for independence |
| b. | ?Both tests have the same df. |
| c. | ?The test for goodness of fit |
| d. | ?The df value depends on the sizes of the samples thatare used. |
#3 A chi-square test for independence is beingused to evaluate the relationship between two variables. If thetest has df = 2, what can you conclude about the twovariables?
| a. | ?One variable consists of 2 categories and the other consists of4 categories. |
| b. | ?Both variables consist of 2 categories. |
| c. | ?Both variables consist of 3 categories. |
| d. | ?One variable consists of 2 categories and the other consists of3 categories. |
#4 Under what circumstances will the chi-squaretest for goodness of fit produce a large value for thechi-square?
| a. | ?When there is a large difference between the sample mean andthe population mean |
| b. | ?When the sample mean is close to the population mean |
| c. | ?When the sample proportions are much different than thehypothesized population proportions |
| d. | When the sample proportions match the hypothesized populationproportions? |
#5 For the chi-square test for goodness of fit,the researcher must select a sample with an equal number ofindividuals in each category.
True
False
#6 A chi-square test for goodness of fit isused to examine the distribution of individuals across threecategories, and a chi-square test for independence is used toexamine the distribution of individuals in a 2×2 matrix ofcategories. Which test has the larger value for df?
| a. | ?The test for goodness of fit |
| b. | ?The test for independence |
| c. | ?The df value depends on the sizes of the samples thatare used. |
| d. | ?Both tests have the same df. |
#7 What is referred to by the term expectedfrequencies?
| a. | ?The frequencies that are hypothesized for thepopulation being examined |
| b. | ?The frequencies found in the population being examined |
| c. | ?The frequencies computed from the null hypothesis |
| d. | ?The frequencies found in the sample data |
#8 The observed frequencies for a chi-squaretest can be fractions or decimal values.
True
False
#9 The expected frequencies for a chi-squaretest are always whole numbers (no fractions or decimals).
True
False
#10 For a chi-square test, the observedfrequencies are obtained from the sample.
True
False
#11 A researcher used a sample of n =60 individuals to determine whether there are any preferences amongfour brands of pizza. Each individual tastes all four brands andselects his/her favorite. If the data are evaluated with achi-square test for goodness of fit using ? = .05, thenhow large does the chi-square statistic need to be to reject thenull hypothesis?
| a. | ?Greater than 79.08 |
| b. | ?Greater than 7.81 |
| c. | ?Less than 7.81 |
| d. | ?Less than 79.08 |
#12 In general, a large value for chi-squareindicates a good fit between the sample data and the nullhypothesis.
True
False
#13 A chi-square test for independence is usedto evaluate the relationship between two variables. If bothvariables are classified into 2 categories, then what is thedf value for the chi-square statistic?
| a. | ?3 |
| b. | ?2 |
| c. | ?Cannot determine the value of df from the informationprovided |
| d. | ?1 |
#14 For the expected frequencies in achi-square test for independence, the proportions for any row arethe same as the proportions in every other row.
True
False
#15 ? Which of the following best describes thepossible values for a chi-square statistic?
| a. | ?Chi-square can be either positive or negative but is always awhole number. |
| b. | ?Chi-square is always a positive whole number. |
| c. | ?Chi-square is always positive but can contain fractionsor decimal values. |
| d. | ?Chi-square can be either positive or negative and can containfractions or decimals. |
